betel leaf for kidney patients

2018 Oct 25;13(10):e0206383. In fact, olive leaves and their extracts have long been used throughout the Mediterranean to combat painful, inflamed joints1, and arthritis. 3 Tbsp. We believe that the most accurate information is found directly in the scientific source. This thorough review will go over all you need to know about the program, from the way it operates to the benefits and cost. Secondly, we recommend Nettle leaf be taken as a tea which makes it an easy addition to your current supplement regime. Effect of antidepressants for cessation therapy in betel-quid use disorder: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. This prevents excess acid in the gastrointestinal system that's responsible for pain, gas, reflux, a feeling of fullness, and bloating. View abstract. PNG Med J 1994;37(2):90-99. Download the National Kidney FoundationsFact Sheet:Kidney-Friendly Superfoods:Leafy Greens. Dried, powdered olive leaf extract capsules serve up therapeutic doses of some of the compounds found in olive oil in a form thats virtually calorie-free. Before View abstract. Epub 2009 Feb 26. Risk Reversal of Oral, Pharyngeal and Oesophageal Cancers after Cessation of Betel Quid Users: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. It also has low levels of fat and moderate amounts of protein. crushed thyme Potassium can be a concern for some leafy greens. View abstract. Popular culinary herbs include basil, bay leaf, chervil, chives, cilantro, Spoon in a small amount of each ingredient into the cone. Przegl.Lek. Huang, Z., Xiao, B., Wang, X., Li, Y., and Deng, H. Betel nut indulgence as a cause of epilepsy. Sullivan RJ, Allen JS, Otto C, et al. Firstly though, lets start at the beginning. Studies indicate that olive leaf extract can inhibit the oxidation of LDL cholesterol, a process that can lead to inflammation of the arteries.11, In addition to major metabolic and cardiovascular perks, taking olive leaf extract has also been shown to provide antiviral, anticancer, and neuroprotective benefits. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Taylor, R. F., al-Jarad, N., John, L. M., Conroy, D. M., and Barnes, N. C. Betel-nut chewing and asthma. WebBay leaf tea is proven to be beneficial for kidneys and stomach remedies. Methods: 2003;12(6):406-408. PLoS One. The .gov means its official. WebBetel pepper (Piper betle) Leaf Extract (7:1)/ Extrait de feuille de poivre btel (Piper betle)(7:1) ing, have liver or kidney disease, or a seizure disorder. Since then, olive leaves have been used therapeutically in the human diet as an extract, herbal tea and powder. After the adjustment for covariates, the combined adjusted ORs showed that betel nut used had 1.44 times higher risk to develop CKD compared with non-chewers (OR 1.44, 95%CI 1.08-1.92). Effects of chewing betel nut (Areca catechu) on the symptoms of people with schizophrenia in Palau, Micronesia. Seizure. We frequently get asked about the safety of certain herbal medicines as people have heard from their doctor or read on various websites that herbs shouldnt be taken if you have CKD. Your support helps families facing kidney disease at every step of their journey. And one of the negative things about the internet is that there is so much information right at our fingertips. Leafy greens are also called leaf vegetables, salad greens, vegetable greens, or simply greens. They are continually monitored by our internal peer-review process and if we see anyone making material science errors, we dont let them write for us again. Betel-nut use is associated with CKD in men. Yin, X. M., Peng, J. Y., and Gao, Y. J. Betel Leaf HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Gupta PC, Sinor PN, Bhonsle RB, et al. WebIt is well appreciated that the social determinants of health are intimately related with health outcomes. Chiu CS, Tsai YL. The second answer is there is NO EVIDENCE that Nettle leaf is dangerous for people with CKD and in fact, the opposite is actually true- Nettle leaf can be beneficial for people with CKD. Herbs are savory plants used for flavoring food. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Betel Leaves Br J Nutr 2000;83(3):267-273. Specifically, olive oil polyphenols have been shown to decrease the circulating concentrations of interleukin 6 , a pro-inflammatory cytokine that stimulates inflammation in diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. Your support helps families facing kidney, Beef, chicken, green beans, cabbage, carrots, peas, dips, Beef, chicken, pork, green beans, cauliflower, eggplant, Chicken, pork, cauliflower, peas, marinades, risotto, Beef, chicken, pork, fish, green beans, beets, carrots, Fish, asparagus, beets, cabbage, cauliflower, marinades, They give flavor to food without the addition of salt, Herbs can be purchased dry or fresh and are budget friendly, You can easily grow them in a pot indoors or in your garden, There are many varieties of herbs which can be purchased as a single herb or as part of a blend, Daily Home and Nocturnal Hemodialysis/Peritoneal Dialysis. Our team comprises of trained MDs, PhDs, pharmacists, qualified scientists, and certified health and wellness specialists. Kiyingi, K. S. Betel-nut chewing may aggravate asthma. Read Also: Why Do People Need Kidney Transplants. Carcinogenesis 1995;16(5):1195-1198. View abstract. View abstract. Kuruppuarachchi, K. A. and Williams, S. S. Betel use and schizophrenia. These antioxidants help Conclusions: Med J Aust. Benefits Of Betel Leaf For Diabetes, Cough, Cold And More - chikitsa 2011 Oct;56(10):1162-9 Int J Environ Res Public Health. Nephrology (Carlton). Betel Nut Chewing Increases the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study Category: Original Investigation. View abstract. Leafy Green Vegetables | National Kidney Foundation 2004;23(1):19-21. 1996;33(1):3-5. View abstract. Add a betel leaf and a tinge of black pepper into a dish of boiling water to cure indigestion among children. Eur J Cancer. Betel quid may also be called pan, gutka, ghutka, or gutkha. Before 26 View 1 excerpt, references background Chewing areca nut as an independent risk factor for proteinuria in WebIt is also used to reduce the risk of worsening kidney disease, the need to be hospitalized for heart failure, and the risk of death due to heart disease in adults with kidney disease. Whats even worse is that when you get up to use the bathroom, its so painful to urinate that you think you might die. What Is A Good Tea For Kidney Disease? Check Out This Herbal Tea! View abstract. 2 Tbsp. The first being that we wouldnt recommend ANYTHING that was dangerous for people with CKD. BETEL LEAF Biochem Biophys Rep. 2021 Aug 1;27:101090. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101090. 2). This article is going to be discussing Nettle leaf which is the form of stinging nettle shown to have benefits in kidney disease. 5. How to treat hemorrhoids at home with betel leaves is mentioned as a folk Asian J Anesthesiol 2020;58(4):138-145. Int Urol Nephrol 2018;50(6):1097-1104. Clinically, betel nut can play a certain pharmacology role and was used in malaria, ascariasis, arthritis, enterozoic abdominalgia, stagnation of food, diarrhea, edema, and beriberi. Early research suggests that chewing betel nut might reduce symptoms in some people with schizophrenia. (red betel) leaves have been used to heal many diseases, especially to increase endurance. Wei YT, Chou YT, Yang YC, Chou CY, Lu FH, Chang CJ, Wu JS. Information from this source is evidence-based and objective, and without commercial influence. Its scientific name is. View abstract. Br.J.Psychiatry 2003;182:455. Betel eCollection 2022. Disclaimer. However, the association between betel-nut chewing and risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD) is Aust Dent J 1996;41:294-9. If you dont have kidney disease, you may consider trying the program since everyone can benefit from tips or recipes as well as the exercises in the program. In Japan, olive leaves are taken orally for stomach and intestinal diseases, while in Greece and the Canary Islands, a hot water extract of olive leaves is taken orally to treat high blood pressure. Epub 2017 Aug 24. Hi Ramya,Please let us know by consumption of Giloy leaves is it helpful for Gout patients by reducing Uric Acid level.Also plz let us know what happens if we consume other creepers which has red stem. In a study in Current Medical Mycologyfrom 2015, it was found that olive leaf extract exhibited anti-yeast effects against Candida albicans. Actions of Nettle leaf include: Anti-anaemic Diuretic Stops bleeding But using betel nut for a long time can be unsafe. Betelnut nut chewing could significantly increase the risk of CKD, indicating that betel nut chewing may exist as an independent risk factor for CKD. Are they both protective in ulcerative colitis? 2012;48(5):655-61. If you have kidney problems, you may consider trying out the program to see what difference it makes for your overall health. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. The vegetable boasts folic acid and fibre and cleanses the kidneys as well as strengthens it. View abstract. Hsu YH, Liu WH, Chen W, Kuo YC, Hsiao CY, Hung PH, Jong IC, Chiang PC, Hsu CC. The program includes a variety of cookbooks and ebooks. WebAlso banned are qat leaf, betel leaf or nuts, niswar, gutkha. Betel Leaf Benefits That Will Blow Your Here are 12 foods that encourage kidney stone development, Also Check: Can You Reverse Kidney Disease Stage 3. WebHerbal teas for kidney disease can yield many benefits for your kidneys. Until more is known, avoid betel nut if you are being treated with doxorubicin. as each form of the herb has distinct therapeutic actions. It is sometimes used to make medicine. Betel nut chewing is linked not only to the development of oral and esophageal caner, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver cirrhosis ( 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) but also to obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and chronic kidney disease ( 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 ). In this animal study7, rats with osteoarthritis that were given olive leaf extract experienced a significant reduction in paw swelling, leading researchers to believe that it holds promise as a treatment for human OA too. 8600 Rockville Pike This chemical is called serotonin. Betel Leaves 2022 Jan 18;12(2):126. doi: 10.3390/jpm12020126. Epub 2018 Feb 13. For example, in South Asia, people chew the fresh, dried, or cured betel nuts with slaked lime, betel leaf (Piper betle vine), and tobacco leaves (2, 3). Arecanut: India's popular masticatory--history, chemistry and utilization. Oleuropein can boost the health of affected tissue.7, Gout, which is another painful form of arthritis, results from an excessive accumulation of uric acid crystals in a particular joint. View abstract. If youve found this article useful, please let me know by clicking the, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11025144/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30097121/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27585814/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7256274/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22303583/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25310585/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22760215/, Vitamin K & D and Their Role in Cardiovascular & Kidney Disease, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease & Renal Disease, Chinese Rhubarb, Kidney Disease & Diabetes, Senescent Cells, Their Role in Kidney Disease & How to Manage Them, Parsley & Its Use in Kidney Related Disorders. A pilot study. Dowse, G. K. Betel-nut chewing and diabetes in Papua New Guinea and elsewhere. The South African experience. The degree of inflammation is related to the level of kidney dysfunction and is also linked to the presence of other symptoms (like proteinuria, osteoporosis, protein energy wasting) and conditions that are related to kidney disease like cardiovascular disease. Chen YY, Fang WH, Wang CC, et al. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you. WebHemorrhoids are a fairly common disease, affecting the quality of life of patients. Help families facing kidney Purpose To investigate and quantify the potential association between betel nut chewing and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This copyrighted material is provided by Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Consumer Version. WebRegular chewers of betel leaf and areca nut have a greatly increased risk of developing a range of serious diseases, including oral and esophageal cancer.21 In India, and chronic kidney disease.25 Areca nut chewing has also been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease26 and adverse reproductive health outcomes, such as Howden, G. F. The cariostatic effect of betel nut chewing. It also treats ear, tooth and urinary tract infections naturally. Presence of cholinomimetic and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory constituents in betel nut. Wu, K. D., Chuang, R. B., Wu, F. L., Hsu, W. A., Jan, I. S., and Tsai, K. S. The milk-alkali syndrome caused by betelnuts in oyster shell paste. Nettle leaf has historically been used to treat pain and sore muscles and is frequently recommended in the treatment of arthritis because of its anti-inflammatory actions. Stinging nettle was found to interfere with blood-thinning drugs, diuretics, blood pressure drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs, alpha-blockers, and finasteride. More research is needed to determine whether olive oil in fact reduces your risk of cancer. Kidney Disease We are dedicated to providing the most scientifically valid, unbiased, and comprehensive information on any given topic. Betel nut contains a chemical that affects the body. Lee, C. N., Jayanthi, V., McDonald, B., Probert, C. S., and Mayberry, J. F. Betel nut and smoking. Subst Use Misuse 2022;57(1):105-113. Calcium Phosphate Stones are a type of kidney stones that people need to watch for. View abstract. To get a You, my friend, are likely one in 10-percent of North Americans with a kidney stone. Eases Constipation After all, we are all responsible for our own health and wellbeing and part of that includes asking questions and making decisions about what we are putting into our body- from food, to medications, to supplements. The walls of the arteries are lined by a substance known as the endothelium. Daily Home and Nocturnal Hemodialysis/Peritoneal Dialysis Nettle leaf has diuretic properties which means that it may help the kidneys get rid of excess fluid from the body. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. However, there is a paucity of literature that explores these themes comprehensively for the indigenous people within Micronesia. Betel-Nut Chewing Increases Difficulty in Tracheal Intubation. Protecting against kidney disorders. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258489. Store in a cool, dry place. Results: The adjusted odds ratio for betel-nut use was 2.572 (95 % CI 1.917, 3.451). Other research suggests5 that olive leaf extract can attribute its anti-inflammatory properties to its ability to decrease the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Betel leaf lowers your cholesterol and protects your heart. Nair, U. J., Nair, J., Friesen, M. D., Bartsch, H., and Ohshima, H. Ortho- and meta-tyrosine formation from phenylalanine in human saliva as a marker of hydroxyl radical generation during betel quid chewing. Betel-nut use is associated with metabolic syndrome and obesity. Read Also: Stent For Kidney Stones Removal, Health Check Certified By: Dr. Gerald Morris. Here are some betel leaves benefits for health. Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav. It has since been used extensively in traditional medicine1 to treat a variety of ailments and is still popular across many cultures today. 1998;40(1):25-28. An official website of the United States government. increase in heart rate, blood pressure, sweating and body temperature 1. oral precancerous lesions, including erythroplakia and leukoplakia 8. oral cancers (predominantly of the lip, mouth, tongue, and pharynx) 1,12. Some of these drying medications include atropine, scopolamine, and some medications used for allergies (antihistamines), and for depression (antidepressants). Vimokesant, S. L., Hilker, D. M., Nakornchai, S., Rungruangsak, K., and Dhanamitta, S. Effects of betel nut and fermented fish on the thiamin status of northeastern Thais. View abstract. J Formos.Med Assoc 1993;92(9):835-837. 2021 Oct 14;16(10):e0258489. Store in a cool, dry place. RISKS OF BETEL QUID Some people, for instance, experience gout in an ankle, while others may develop it in an elbow or wrist. Hemodialysis (3 times/week) Molecular Mechanisms of Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis by Different Betel Quid Constituents-Does Fibroblast Senescence Play a Role? However, those with medical conditions should first consult with their doctor prior to using the program. Gupta R, Mariano LC, Nethan ST, et al. This could cause serious side effects including heart problems, shivering, and anxiety. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. The leaves and roots are most commonly used for medicinal reasons but its important to know that they have different actions so cant be used interchangeably. Is khus khus good for sleep? Explained by Sharing Culture Its leaves and stems have been If you feel that any of our content is inaccurate, out-of-date, or otherwise questionable, please leave a comment or contact us at, Why Olive Leaf Extract is good for your health, 3 things you didnt know about Olive Leaf Extract. Association of betel nut chewing with chronic kidney disease: a retrospective 7-year study in Taiwan. betel leaves Top with a drizzle of honey. Akhtar S, Sheikh AA, Qureshi HU. Chiang, W. T., Yang, C. C., Deng, J. F., and Bullard, M. Cardiac arrhythmia and betel nut chewing--is there a causal effect? 1-1/2 tsp. Betel nut might increase the amount of a chemical in the brain. View abstract. View abstract. 2006;63(10):882-886. 1 Tbsp. View abstract. If you are in the advanced stages of kidney disease, it could even reverse your condition. Top 11 Betel Leaf Benefits That Will Blow Your Mind! - Bodywise Helps in overcoming depression. Get the Kidney Disease Solution, an all-in-one manual to improve kidney health and function. 9 Vegetables That Are Good For Your Kidneys Betel Chemical Composition, Pharmacological, and Toxicological garlic powder It usually goes something like this: Why are you recommending Nettle leaf when its dangerous for people with kidney disease? And I guess there are two answers to that question. Is poppy seeds good for kidney patients? Betel leaves keep disease-causing bacteria like E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa away from the body because of their antimicrobial properties. 33 Top Health Benefits of Betel Leaf (No.21 is Excellent!) Betel Int J Environ Res Public Health. onion powder J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1996;34(6):741-745. Cumulative Betel Quid Chewing and the Risk of Significant Liver Fibrosis in Subjects With and Without Metabolic Syndrome. National Library of Medicine One cup of raw greens can range from 5-60 calories with 1-4 grams of fiber. Gerreth, K. [Tooth wear in Hindu betel nut chewers]. This, in turn, may help provide protection against serious cardiovascular problems. (Nutrition: The Art of Good Eating, Seattle, WA), Download the National Kidney FoundationsFact Sheet:Kidney-Friendly Superfoods: Herbs. The Benefits of Nettle Leaf in Renal Disease - Kidney Coach View abstract. Oral Dis 2022. J Pers Med. As the Are Beets Bad For Kidneys Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. And heres the thing, I searched for evidence showing that Nettle is risky for people with kidney disease (as certain websites state) and I couldnt find it anywhere. In Italy, people reach for a tincture of olive leaves to reduce fever, and in several countries, olive leaf extract has been used to treat malaria. Bookshelf Fenugreek leaves are a storehouse of many minerals and vitamins. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. PLoS One 2018;13(10):e0206383. Background: Betel leaf has strong anti-cancer and anti-mutagenic compounds in it and can lower the risk of developing cancer. For those who are taking blood pressure-lowering medications please be aware that drinking Nettle leaf tea may have an additive effect so care may need to be taken and I would recommend monitoring your blood pressure when starting on Nettle leaf. BMJ 1999;318:1287. Nettle leaf was traditionally regarded as a blood purifier, a styptic (stops bleeding), a stimulating tonic, and a diuretic. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! J Formos.Med Assoc 1995;94(3):106-110. Certain Micronesia-specific factors, such as transitions from traditional diets, the consumption of betel nut, and View abstract. *Some herbal teas can interfere with actions of medicines. Herbs are savory plants used for flavoring food. eCollection 2018. Some herbal supplements that have phosphorus include: American Ginseng. 2022 Jan 18;12(2):126. doi: 10.3390/jpm12020126. Indian J Dent Res 1997;8:39-45. A small clinical trial involving 32 high school athletes found that supplementing with olive leaf extract helped to reduce total sick days over the course of 8 weeks. Gilani, A. H., Ghayur, M. N., Saify, Z. S., Ahmed, S. P., Choudhary, M. I., and Khalid, A. Its bioactive compounds are not only antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, but they can lower blood pressure, improve blood glucose levels, reduce cholesterol levels, and improve lipid ratios, says integrative neurologistIlene Ruhoy, M.D., Ph.D. These actions are powerfully cardioprotective and can reduce the risk of diabetes, hypertension, heart attack, and stroke.. Further investigation should be warranted. The betel plant is a vine that grows in parts of Asia and Africa. Tung, T. H., Chiu, Y. H., Chen, L. S., Wu, H. M., Boucher, B. J., and Chen, T. H. A population-based study of the association between areca nut chewing and type 2 diabetes mellitus in men (Keelung Community-based Integrated Screening programme No. Schullian D. Notes and Events. Cancer Chemother.Pharmacol 2006;58(6):835-837. MMP can dissolve the substances that bind cells together, leaving the lining of blood vessels at risk for the accumulation of dangerous plaque.10, Another contributing factor to the development of hardening of the arteries is the accumulation of LDL cholesterol, more commonly referred to as bad cholesterol. View abstract. Scand J Dent Res 1977;85(1):64-70. After, you will want to read the rest of our article for a more comprehensive review of The Kidney Disease Solution. How you cook your leafy greens can make a difference in the amount of potassium and other nutrients. P N G Med J 1990;33(2):143-145. Now, dont get me wrong, I am completely supportive of people questioning the information they are reading or being told. Because of the delicate matter, some patients seek home remedies for hemorrhoids. View abstract. Contribute to our mission with a general, memorial, or honor donation. One study that really highlights Nettle leafs protective effect on the kidneys was an animal study assessing the effect of Nettle on kidney toxicity induced by the nephrotoxic antibiotic gentamicin. Olive Leaf Extract For Chronic Kidney Disease. Studies have associated betel nut chewing with cancers, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disorders, chronic kidney disease, and proteinuria. The cells that make up this lining help to maintain a healthy blood pressure as well as proper circulation. 2016 Sep;95(37):e4901 2022 Jan 31;23(3):1637. doi: 10.3390/ijms23031637. Disclaimer. 2023 Jan 30;20(3):2453. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032453. Agents that cause ulcer damage the inner lining of the Its scientific name is Urtica dioica. Betel leaf (Piper betle) is a well-known medicinal plant found in Asia. RISKS OF BETEL QUID Subst Use Misuse 2020;55(9):1501-1508. Purpose: Herbs are beneficial for people in all stages of kidney disease including: Some herbal teas can interfere with actions of medicines. WebThe betel (Piper betle) is the leaf of a plant growing primarily in Southeast Asia that belongs to the same family as the pepper. Used in small amounts for seasoning, herbs are not a significant source of nutrients. Sullivan, R. J., Andres, S., Otto, C., Miles, W., and Kydd, R. The effects of an indigenous muscarinic drug, Betel nut (Areca catechu), on the symptoms of schizophrenia: a longitudinal study in Palau, Micronesia. All rights reserved. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software; the leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was used to confirm the stability of drawn conclusion. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Oral lichenoid contact lesions induced by areca nut and betel quid chewing: a mini review. Over time, inflammation leads to damage and scarring in the kidneys so addressing inflammation needs to be a key consideration when it comes to protecting and healing the kidneys as well as reducing the risk of other conditions related to kidney disease. One specific herb we often get asked about is Urtica dioica or Nettle leaf. The amount of potassium you can have each day will depend on your stage of kidney disease or the type of dialysis you receive. WebBetel leaf or paan has high water content and low calories. View abstract. Lets take a closer look at some of the actions of Nettle leaf that make it a beneficial herb for people with kidney disease. Health Benefits S.Afr.Med J 1993;83(6):425-429. Bangladesh J Neuro 1988;4(2):46-51. Consuming betel leaf causes an increase in levels of vitamin E, glutathione, ascorbic acid. Hung, D. Z. and Deng, J. F. Acute myocardial infarction temporally related to betel nut chewing. Vet.Hum.Toxicol. This herb is widely used in traditional medicine, especially for blood tonic, liver detoxification, skin Lee CY, Wang WH, Lee CH, Ho MC. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. J Med Assoc Thai. Accessibility The Benefits of Nettle Leaf in Renal Disease 2022 Nov 14;15:8183-8190. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S386539. WebCultural practices, such as betel nut chewing, also remain an ongoing problem particularly among the indigenous populations of Micronesia, which contributes to cancer disparities among patients with oral cavity cancer. Betel nut seems to affect certain chemicals in the brain and other parts of the central nervous system. 2021 Jan 4;18(1):307. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18010307. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal

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